May 28, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 4 minutes | Workplace Discrimination

Understanding Discrimination Hiring Practices: Passed Over for Promotion by Less Qualified Employees

When you’re expecting a promotion and have been passed over for promotion by less qualified candidate, it can be frustrating. You may be wondering why you were passed over in favor of someone else, especially if they aren’t as qualified as you are. If you ask your boss and don’t get a satisfactory answer, there may be a reason. Unfortunately, discrimination in the federal workplace is not a new problem. Being passed over for a promotion in favor of a less-qualified candidate is not uncommon either. If you suspect you’re the victim of workplace discrimination, you need to contact a skilled federal employment lawyer right away. Feeling frustrated after being overlooked for a promotion in favor of a colleague who appears less qualified is understandable. However, it’s important to respond with professionalism and maintain an objective perspective. Discrimination in Promotion or Non-Selection Federal employers can choose to hire and promote someone for numerous legitimate reasons. However, the law prohibits employers from passing on an employee if their motives are rooted in certain types of discrimination. Actions that are even somewhat discriminatory are unlawful. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employers from discriminating in any facet of employment, including hiring, termination, referral, promotion, etc. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the agency that enforces these laws.   Employers cannot refuse to promote or hire someone because of: Proving discrimination is not necessarily easy, but it’s not impossible. If you believe you were discriminated against, you have the right to take legal action against your federal agency. To better understand what workplace discrimination looks like, here are several other examples: If you are considering pursuing a formal complaint about your missed promotion, you need to act quickly. You don’t have a lot of time to initiate your EEO complaint. What to Do When You Are Passed Over for a Promotion? Employees who have experienced discrimination in their workplace have legal rights. You should start by asking the hiring manager or your boss to explain why you were not promoted. If they don’t give you a straight answer or your gut tells you there is something they are leaving out, consider digging deeper. This is an excellent time to contact an experienced federal employee lawyer. At the Law Office of Aaron D. Wersing, we focus on legal issues affecting federal employees. We have years of experience representing clients in workplace harassment and discrimination claims. There is no harm in contacting us to discuss your situation. We can evaluate your case and let you know what the best course of legal action is. Depending on the circumstances, your attorney may suggest you make a complaint about the alleged discrimination. This is when you want to pay close attention to conversations in your office. Look for patterns of discrimination. Some incidents may not be overt. Gather any text messages, emails, or other documents you have that could point to discrimination in the workplace. Understandably, you might be concerned about retaliation after reporting that you were passed over for a promotion by a less-qualified candidate. While illegal, retaliation does occur in workplaces, including federal agencies. If you reported discrimination or harassment and adverse employment action has been taken against you, it’s time to contact our office. Filing an EEOC Claim as a Federal Employee If you are considering filing a EEO complaint of discrimination against your agency, the process is unique for federal employees. Your first step is to speak with an EEO counselor at the agency where you work. Typically, you have only 45 days from the date of discrimination to contact them. You can then elect to process your case through traditional EEO counseling or an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) program. A qualified federal employment attorney can advise you as to which route to take in your specific case.  In the event your dispute doesn’t resolve through one of these two methods, you have up to 15 days to file a formal complaint with your agency’s EEO office, which leads to a fact-finding investigation. Once they have completed this investigation, you have the choice to have the agency issue their decision through a final agency decision (FAD) or request a hearing before an EEOC administrative law judge. Depending on the outcome, you may later need to appeal by filing a civil action in federal court. Contact Our Federal Employee Lawyer Today When you’re dealing with being passed over for a promotion discrimination by a less qualified candidate, we can help you. If there is discrimination happening in your federal workplace, it’s probably not an isolated incident. Employers cannot discriminate against employees, nor can they retaliate if an employee reports an incident. To learn more about your legal options after being discriminated against, contact the Law Office of Aaron D. Wersing today.

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May 26, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 4 minutes | Federal EEOC

Overview of Federal EEOC Complaint Process

No matter what your job is, you may encounter discrimination in the workplace during your career. There are several laws the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces that protect federal employees from discrimination. But what is the federal EEOC complaint process? If you find yourself the victim of discrimination in the federal workplace, it’s important to understand your rights and how to enforce them with an EEOC complaint. For immediate assistance, please don’t hesitate to send a message or call us at (833) 833-3529 today. Complaints alleging prohibited personnel practices should be directed to the Office of Special Counsel (OSC). OSC receives, investigates, and prosecutes allegations of prohibited personnel practices. Information can be found at https://osc.gov/. Here is a breakdown of the 6-Step Federal EEOC Complaint Process. The chances of winning an EEOC complaint depend on several factors and can vary widely. On average, about 16% to 20% of complaints result in favorable outcomes for the complainant. These outcomes may include settlements, voluntary withdrawals with benefits, or successful claim resolutions. However, when a complaint proceeds to litigation, the likelihood of success in court is typically lower. The 6 Steps in the EEOC Complaints Process 1. Contact Your EEO Counselor Each agency has an equal employment opportunity counselor. Before filing a formal complaint with the EEOC, the first step of the federal EEO complaint process is to contact your agency’s EEO counselor within 45 days of the discrimination. Note that some agencies will use different terms for this office, such as the Office of Resolution Management (ORM) at the Department of Veterans Affairs.  The EEO counselor will provide information about how a federal EEO complaint works. At this step, your counselor will provide details about the EEO process, including approximate timelines and your appeal rights. They will usually ask for information about your claims and bases too. Where applicable, you may also have the option to go through alternative dispute resolution (ADR). This step is also when you must choose whether to file your complaint through the EEO, negotiated grievance, or the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) processes, if applicable. Not all cases have this choice, but when you do, federal employees may choose only one of these two paths and the option first chosen is generally considered to be your election. If you’re unsure where you should file your federal EEOC complaint, consider consulting a federal EEOC lawyer. Understanding Which Laws the EEOC Enforces The EEOC enforces four federal anti-discrimination laws: Together, these laws protect against discrimination based on a number of characteristics, including race, color, sex and sexual orientation, religion or national origin, age, and disability. Additionally, the EEOC works to protect employees from retaliation by their superiors or agency. 2. Filing a Formal Complaint If you can’t resolve the issue through counseling or ADR, your counselor will provide you with a written Notice of Right to File Formal Complaint, and provide a final Interview. This notice gives you the right to file a formal complaint with your Agency’s EEO office within 15 days. Read the Notice carefully for instructions on where to send your complaint. Generally you can file your Formal EEO complaint by mail or email. Each complaint must be properly drafted to include at least: After you submit your complaint, will review it to decide whether to conduct an investigation. 3. Your Agency Conducts an Investigation If your Agency accepts your claims, your agency will have to conduct an investigation into the alleged discrimination. Once the investigation is complete, you may request a hearing before an administrative judge, or you can request an immediate final decision for your EEOC complaint from your agency. 4. Hearing Before an Administrative Judge Like other court proceedings, an EEOC hearing involves presenting your case to an administrative judge. Each party also has the opportunity to conduct discovery to obtain additional information. At the end of the hearing, the judge will review the record and issue a decision about whether there was discrimination. In some cases, a federal employee may not need to request a hearing. Accordingly, hearings do not always happen as part of the federal EEOC complaint process. 5. Your Agency Issues a Final Decision Whether you choose a hearing or not, the final main step is your agency’s final decision. The agency will review the judge’s final order or the evidence from the investigation and notify you whether it found any discrimination. If there was discrimination, the agency may implement the judge’s orders or its own remedy. Because final decisions may not be in the employee’s favor, federal employees have the right to appeal a final agency action to the EEOC’s appellate division, the Office of Federal Operations (OFO). 6. Appealing to the EEOC You may appeal your agency’s decision to the OFO within 30 days of that decision. During the appeal process, the OFO will review the entire history of your complaint and the evidence in the record. The OFO will then issue its own determination of whether there was any discrimination. Having a federal EEOC lawyer is the best way to make sure your arguments are properly presented in this case. Contact a Federal EEOC Lawyer The federal EEOC complaint process looks long and stressful, but it doesn’t have to be. The attorneys at the Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D. Wersing, PLLC have years of experience representing federal employees in a variety of employment matters. If you’ve suffered discrimination and need help with your EEOC complaint, we can help. Contact us today online or at (833) 833-3529.

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Mar 27, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 3 minutes | Federal Disability

Can You Sue for ADA Violations in the Federal Workplace?

Our country depends on thousands of federal employees with disabilities who provide critical service every day to keep the government running. Unfortunately, many capable federal employees still face unfair treatment and discrimination due to their medical conditions. Whether your employer refuses to provide reasonable accommodations, retaliates against you for requesting them, or treats you unfavorably because of your condition, it’s not just frustrating—it’s a violation of the protections laid out in the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) as federal law. Many federal employees in this situation wonder: Can you sue for ADA violations? In this blog post, we’ll answer this common question and explain what government employees should know about their legal rights under federal disability law. What Is an ADA Lawsuit? An ADA lawsuit is a legal action filed by an employee who has experienced disability discrimination at work. Under the ADA, private-sector and state or local government employees can sue their employers if they face discrimination because of a qualifying physical or mental impairment.  Common employer ADA violations that can lead to a lawsuit include: If a lawsuit is successful, employer penalties for ADA violations can include fines and mandatory policy changes. Employees may also receive back pay, job reinstatement, and reasonable work accommodations through an ADA lawsuit. Can You Sue for ADA Violations in the Federal Workplace? It is just as illegal for government employers to violate federal disability laws as it is for private-sector employers. However, federal employees who experience disability discrimination take action under a different law: the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which upholds rights and protections specifically for federal employees with disabilities. Although the Rehabilitation Act predates the ADA by nearly two decades, the two laws use almost identical standards and protections. So, when can you sue for ADA violations if you’re a federal employee? When your employer denies you any of the rights or protections you’re entitled to under federal disability law. However, you will pursue your claim through a slightly different legal route under the Rehabilitation Act rather than the ADA.  How to Sue for an ADA Violation in the Federal Workplace Filing a lawsuit for disability discrimination as a federal employee involves several steps. Unlike private-sector employees, federal workers go through a different administrative complaint process before taking their disability discrimination case to court. Here’s how the process works: Federal employees generally have up to 90 days after receiving a final decision to seek legal counsel and sue for disability discrimination. However, it’s in your best interest to consult with a legal professional from the start—as soon as you suspect your rights have been violated. A skilled federal employment lawyer can evaluate your situation, explain your legal options in detail, and support you throughout the process of getting justice.  Steadfast Advocacy for Federal Workers  Fighting disability discrimination on your own can be exhausting, especially when facing a complex administrative and legal process. Fortunately, you don’t have to navigate this battle alone. At the Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D. Wersing PLLC, we help government employees challenge workplace discrimination and advocate for their rights. With years of experience serving employees across the federal government, attorney Aaron Wersing understands the complexities of the Rehabilitation Act and is prepared to guide you through every step of the process to assert your rights. Contact our office today to schedule a consultation and learn more about how we can help.

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Mar 17, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 4 minutes | Workplace Discrimination

Reverse Discrimination in the Workplace—What You Should Know

We all know that discrimination in the workplace is unacceptable, and we all know that no federal employee should have to put up with it. However, not everyone knows that all kinds of discrimination are illegal. When most people imagine a discriminatory situation, they imagine racial minorities as the victims of racial “majorities.” They may be more accepting of discrimination when it operates in “reverse.” However, so-called reverse race discrimination is equally wrong and just as illegal as “regular” discrimination.  At this point, you might be asking yourself, What is reverse discrimination? In this article, we will discuss reverse discrimination definition and the situations which best describe reverse discrimination in the workplace.  If you think that you are the victim of reverse race discrimination, contact a workplace discrimination lawyer right away. Our firm proudly offers services to federal employees nationwide. What Is Reverse Discrimination? The term “reverse race discrimination” is sometimes considered controversial, and its definition can be challenging to explain. Reverse discrimination occurs when members of a dominant group face bias in favor of minority or disadvantaged groups. Reverse discrimination based on race or ethnicity is known as reverse racism. The idea of “reverse racism” focuses on prejudiced attitudes or discrimination against certain racial groups but overlooks a central aspect of racism: power. Racism is defined as “prejudice plus institutional power,” highlighting systemic inequities. The simplest definition is this – reverse discrimination occurs when majority groups, such as white men, face unfavorable workplace decisions due to their race or gender. Reverse race discrimination, for example, occurs in situations where historic racial minorities (like blacks or Hispanics) discriminate against white Americans based on their skin color. “Reverse” racism describes discrimination against majority racial groups by minority or historically oppressed groups. The fact that the target of discrimination belongs to a majority group does not exclude them from the protection of workplace discrimination laws. Discrimination is discrimination. It does not matter whether the victim is white, black, Christian, Muslim, handicapped, or able-bodied. Workplace discrimination lawyers know that discrimination laws apply to all groups, and can help any victim of any form of discrimination.  Which of the Following Is an Example of Reverse Discrimination? Let’s consider a few examples of discrimination to understand which of the following situations constitute reverse discrimination: Which of the following is an example of reverse discrimination in America? If you guessed the first two scenarios, you’d be correct. The first scenario was reverse race discrimination because a black man, a member of a racial minority, was discriminating against a white man based on race. Similarly, the second scenario also constituted reverse discrimination. Sex-based discrimination has historically targeted women, so reverse discrimination occurred because a woman was making condescending sex-based comments to a man. However, the third scenario was not reverse discrimination because Christianity is a majority religion in the United States. So while the Christian in that scenario was harassing and potentially discriminating against their Hindu coworker, that would constitute normal discrimination of a minority.  What Should I Do If I Am the Victim of Reverse Discrimination? Discrimination remains the same regardless of the victim’s race, gender, or religion. If you are experiencing reverse discrimination, consider taking the following actions: After you have taken these first steps, you need to consider hiring an attorney who handles cases of discrimination at work. Hiring an attorney for employment discrimination can help to resolve the reverse discrimination problem quickly. Furthermore, employment discrimination attorneys are familiar with all kinds of discrimination and can evaluate your case to see if you are eligible to obtain compensation. Finally, if you file a complaint against your agency, a federal employment workplace discrimination lawyer can help your case by collecting evidence, obtaining witnesses, and conducting settlement negotiations. Do You Need a Workplace Discrimination Attorney? Employment discrimination is always wrong, including reverse discrimination. Now that you know reverse discrimination’s definition, you will know when to contact an employment discrimination attorney.  If you are currently experiencing such discrimination, you need an employment discrimination attorney right away. However, not all attorneys are of the same quality. Therefore, it is critical that you hire an attorney that has experience with your kind of case and is familiar with the unique features of the federal workplace.  Contact Our Federal Employment Attorney To Discuss Your Case Today Here at the Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D Wersing PLLC, we are dedicated to helping federal employees stand up for their rights. Over the years, our firm has helped countless federal employees with all kinds of discrimination complaints. Unlike other law firms, we are familiar with all of the dynamics of the federal workplace. We will help you stand up for your rights and hold discriminatory actors accountable. Even if you don’t know whether you need an attorney, you have nothing to lose by setting up an appointment. Contact us right away.

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Feb 19, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 3 minutes | MSPB

What Is the MSPB Discovery Process & Why Is It Important?

For federal employees, preparing your appeal to the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) can feel complex and intimidating. Even though it’s your legal right to challenge unfair or unjust adverse employment actions, many employees still feel disadvantaged compared to their agencies. Fortunately, employees can access a powerful tool to help level the playing field: the MSPB discovery process. During discovery, federal workers can obtain crucial evidence that can make a significant difference in the outcome of their appeal.  In this blog post, we’ll explain what federal employees should know about the discovery process in MSPB cases and how they can use it strategically to protect themselves and their careers. What Is the MSPB Discovery Process? Discovery is the legal process where both parties in a dispute exchange information before they meet in a formal hearing. It allows each side to gather and understand the evidence the other side is relying on. In MSPB appeals, discovery allows federal employees to collect documents, records, and testimony that can challenge the legitimacy of their agency’s decision. If you intend to claim that discrimination, retaliation, or procedural errors were behind your agency’s actions, discovery is vital to gathering the concrete evidence you might otherwise not have access to. What Does the MSPB Discovery Process Involve? Under MSPB discovery rules, federal employees must begin making information requests no later than 25 days after the acknowledgment order for the appeal is issued. The scope of federal discovery rules allows employees to request any information that they believe could help prove their case or detract from an agency’s claims. Here are some of the different ways that federal employees can seek information during MSPB discovery: For example, imagine a TSA officer is facing removal based on alleged misconduct. They use discovery to request emails between their supervisor and HR officials discussing the proposed termination. These emails reveal that personal bias motivated by the employee’s religious faith rather than performance issues influenced the decision. This evidence becomes key in proving that the action was unjustified and discriminatory. How to Use MSPB Discovery Effectively Many federal employees assume they already have all relevant information about their situation when they appeal to MSPB. However, this is far from the case.  Although federal agencies must share some relevant information with employees when they deliver the notice of proposed action, they often withhold other documents that could be crucial for your case. Don’t assume you understand the whole picture based on your agency’s initial disclosure. Additionally, the discovery process isn’t just about building your case—it’s also about anticipating the agency’s arguments. Discovery allows you to be proactive and avoid potential claims against you. For example, if you expect the agency to claim that your termination was due to performance issues, you can use discovery to obtain all performance reviews, commendations, and evidence that supports your track record. Discovery is a complex legal process, and navigating it can be challenging for federal employees whose careers may be on the line. The best way to make the most of the discovery process is to seek qualified legal assistance. An experienced federal employment lawyer can help draft information requests, stay on top of deadlines, and prepare a strong legal strategy to increase your chances of a positive outcome. Protect Your Federal Career with Trusted Legal Guidance  If you are facing an MSPB appeal, you need a legal team that understands the complexities of the discovery process and how to use it to your advantage. The Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D. Wersing PLLC has years of experience successfully supporting federal employees through their MSPB appeals. Our team can uncover key evidence, challenge agency defenses, and build a compelling case on your behalf. To learn more about how we can help you, contact our office today to schedule a consultation.

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Feb 19, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 3 minutes | MSPB

MSPB and Affirmative Defenses: What You Should Know

Federal workers facing potential suspension, demotion, or removal often feel like the deck is stacked against them. Fortunately, federal law offers civil servants some key tools for challenging unfair agency actions, including the right to assert an affirmative defense before the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB). An affirmative defense can overturn or mitigate an agency’s disciplinary decision if successfully argued.  Read on to learn more about how affirmative defenses work, MSPB’s evolving approach to handling them, and how federal employees can use them to protect their job security. What Is an Affirmative Defense? An affirmative defense is a legal argument that federal employees can use to negate a federal agency’s adverse employment action. In an MSPB affirmative defense, an employee doesn’t just argue that an agency misinterpreted facts or lacked evidence for their decision. Instead, an affirmative defense tries to show that an agency’s action violated an employee’s rights or federal law.  Common affirmative defenses federal employees use when appealing to the MPSB include: Showing the MSPB that an agency engaged in misconduct in one of these acts is one of the most effective ways for federal employees to challenge and avoid career-damaging adverse actions.  How Do Affirmative Defenses Work? Raising an affirmative defense is not just about making allegations—it requires evidence and legal arguments. The federal employee has the burden of proof to show that their agency’s action was improper by “a preponderance of the evidence.” Put simply, they need enough evidence to show the agency violated relevant laws and regulations. This typically involves: For example, imagine a federal employee faces removal after reporting agency fraud to a law enforcement authority. This employee might build an affirmative defense based on whistleblower retaliation with emails establishing that the adverse action happened shortly after their report and testimony from coworkers confirming the agency’s hostile response. If the employee presents enough evidence to demonstrate the agency was motivated by retaliation, they could have their removal reversed. How Has the MSPB’s Approach to Affirmative Defenses Changed? Recent decisions have altered how the MSPB evaluates affirmative defenses.  In a 2022 ruling, the MPSB revised certain procedural standards that had provided some advantages to federal employees pursuing these defenses. For example, in the past, if an administrative judge made an error in ruling on a case involving an affirmative defense, the employee could automatically have their case reconsidered, even if their claim lacked substantive evidence or effort. Under the MSPB’s new guidelines, employees must make a more intentional effort to pursue affirmative defense cases. Otherwise, the MSPB has much more flexibility to dismiss a defense that doesn’t meet procedural requirements or lacks legal backing. Ultimately, federal employees must be careful and prepared when using affirmative defenses. Having the support of experienced legal counsel is essential for federal employees to ensure their case is presented correctly and given a fair chance. Dedicated Defenders of Federal Employee Rights Successfully asserting an affirmative defense before the MSPB requires deep knowledge of federal employment laws, procedural rules, and legal strategy. Fortunately, federal employees don’t have to take on the burden of building an affirmative defense alone. The Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D. Wersing has provided dedicated and personalized service to federal employees and their families for years. Our team has extensive experience with MSPB cases and employee affirmative defenses, from harmful procedural errors to whistleblower retaliation claims. If you are facing an adverse action, contact our office today to schedule a consultation and learn more about how we can help. Resources: 5 U.S.C. § 7701(c)(2)(A), link.

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Feb 3, 2025 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 2 minutes | Federal Employment Law

What Is Federal Employee Sick Leave Abuse?

Federal employees may at times face the temptation to call in sick so they can have an unscheduled day off. Federal employee sick leave abuse is a serious issue that all federal employees should try to avoid. Sick leave abuse occurs when employees repeatedly use sick leave for non-medical or unauthorized reasons. Abuse of sick leave laws exist which can carry significant penalties for those who misuse their sick leave. There are also a few ways that supervisors can spot and investigate sick leave abuse by federal employees. If your supervisor has accused you of being a federal employee who’s committed sick leave abuse, contact a federal employee sick leave abuse lawyer right away.  When Is It Okay to Use Sick Leave? The Office of Personnel Management (OPM), a federal agency that regulates the employment policies of most other federal agencies, states that federal employees may use sick leave when they need to:  OPM does not define what constitutes an abuse of sick leave. That said, it’s reasonable to assume that any use of sick leave for reasons other than those listed above could constitute “sick leave abuse,” especially if done repeatedly and within a short period of time.  Common signs of OPM sick leave abuse are: If an agency discovers that an employee is committing OPM sick leave abuse, the employee can face discipline. An employee can even face removal from federal service.  What Employers Can Do About Sick Leave Abuse While OPM does not define sick leave abuse, it does establish procedures for employers to require evidence from employees who request sick leave. Specifically, an agency may require “administratively acceptable evidence” before granting sick leave. The definition of “administratively acceptable evidence.” For example, if an employee requests sick leave to care for a family member, the agency may require that the employee provide proof of their relationship with the family member. If an employee claims sick leave to visit a doctor, the agency can request a doctor’s note that confirms the visit.  Do You Need a Federal Sick Leave Abuse Attorney? Let Us Help You Accusations of sick leave abuse are no joke. If you have been accused of abusing sick leave, you could be counseled, reprimanded, suspended, or even removed from your job. So if your supervisor has accused you of sick leave abuse, you need to contact a sick leave abuse attorney immediately.  When looking for an attorney that can help you defend your rights, it’s absolutely essential that you select someone who has familiarity with your situation and the federal workplace.  At the Law Office of Aaron D. Wersing,  PLLC., we concentrate on representing federal employees and protecting their rights. Our firm has the experience needed to help federal employees who have been accused of misconduct. Even if you aren’t sure whether you need an attorney, it takes no time at all to contact us. Call today! You might also be interested in:

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Nov 13, 2024 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 4 minutes | Workplace Discrimination

Protected Classes and Federal Workplace Discrimination

The right to earn a living free of discriminatory treatment is a cornerstone of federal employment law. Since the 1960s, federal law has progressively expanded to combat unfair prejudice, intolerance, and stereotypes against various groups. Understanding these protected classes and their rights is crucial for federal employees to safeguard themselves from workplace prejudice.  This blog post will explain what federal employees should know about workplace discrimination and protected classes. We’ll cover the main groups protected by federal employment law, the limits of these protections, and some forms of non-protected class discrimination. What Qualifies as a Protected Class Under Federal Employment Law? The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces federal employment law and aims to protect specific groups of people who have historically been the targets of prejudice in the workplace. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1963 (Title VII) is the primary source of these protections. However, several other federal laws govern protections for additional groups. These laws include the Age Discrimination Act, the Rehabilitation Act, the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, the Equal Pay Act, and the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act.  Federal law protects applicants, employees, and former employees from discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age (40+), disability, or genetic information. Altogether, these federal laws recognize and protect the following protected classes from workplace discrimination: When federal employees face unfavorable treatment in the workplace because they belong to one of these groups, they may have grounds for a discrimination claim. Notably, an employee doesn’t have to be a minority within a class to receive legal protections. For example, an agency that repeatedly promotes less-qualified female employees over qualified male employees can face penalties for sex discrimination.  Workplace harassment targeted at a government employee because of their actual or perceived membership in a protected class is also illegal under federal discrimination law. What Is Not a Protected Class in the Federal Workplace? Many people may face prejudice in the workplace because of their lifestyles, backgrounds, or physical traits. Unfortunately, not all of these people are protected by federal law. Federal employees don’t have legal protections from workplace discrimination based on: Generally, agencies are allowed to base employment decisions on factors like these unless one of these factors intersects with another protected characteristic. For example, an agency that chooses not to hire someone because of their facial hair or clothing could violate Title VII if these features are part of the applicant’s religious practice.   Can You Have a Legal Claim for Harassment Not Based on a Protected Class? Yes. A federal employee can face illegal harassment even if they are not a protected class member. Generally, there are two situations when federal employees may have grounds for a non-protected class discrimination claim: whistleblowing and employer retaliation. Let’s walk through what each of them involves. Whistleblowing Whistleblowers are federal employees who report illegal, unethical, or unsafe conduct in the workplace, including unlawful discrimination. An employee legally “blows the whistle” when they speak to an internal authority (e.g., HR, a manager) or external enforcing agency (i.e., the EEOC) about ongoing discrimination against a protected group.  Under federal law, it’s just as illegal to target a discrimination whistleblower with harassment or mistreatment as it is to engage in discrimination itself. This is the case even if the whistleblowing employee isn’t a member of the discriminated protected group.  For example, consider a 25-year-old USPS employee who hears a manager calling an elderly coworker derogatory and insulting names based on her age. After the young employee reports the incident to HR, the manager starts harassing and sabotaging their work. Even though the young employee doesn’t fall into a legally protected class for age, the law still safeguards them from harassment as a whistleblower. They can file a complaint with the EEOC and may even seek compensation for their mistreatment. Employer Retaliation Retaliation happens when an agency punishes an employee for participating in certain legally protected activities. Federal laws specifically ban retaliation against employees who: Illegal retaliation can take many forms, including termination, pay cuts, demotion, and general mistreatment.  Any federal employee can be the victim of employer retaliation, regardless of protected group status. If you face harassment after engaging in a protected activity, consult a federal employment lawyer as soon as possible.  Aaron D. Wersing: Dedicated Defender of Government Workers No one deserves to have their opportunities to earn a living limited by prejudice and harassment. At the Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D. Wersing PLLC, we understand the stress and uncertainty that government workers feel when navigating potential discrimination. That’s why we’ve made it our mission to help demystify the rights and legal protections federal employees enjoy in the workplace. Attorney Aaron D. Wersing has years of experience representing federal employees in disputes involving targeted harassment, discrimination, and retaliation. He’s fought for hundreds of federal employees to get justice for their mistreatment, and he’s prepared to help you. Contact our office today to schedule a consultation and learn more.

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Sep 13, 2024 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 5 minutes | Wrongful Termination

Can a Federal Employee Sue the Federal Government? Guidance for Federal Employees Nationwide

Federal employees share many similarities with their privately employed counterparts. However, when a privately employed person is injured or wrongfully terminated, they can sue their employer. When the government is your employer, the question often arises: Can a federal employee sue the federal government? The answer is yes, with some caveats. Because the federal government has sovereign immunity, federal employees cannot file lawsuits against it unless the government waives this immunity. Therefore, if a federal employee wants to sue the federal government, they can do so only in limited circumstances. In these limited circumstances, the exact methods for suing the government may not be actual lawsuits, at least at first. Federal employees have to go through certain administrative procedures before they can file a lawsuit in federal court, and thankfully many times a complaint can be resolved during these administrative procedures. Our federal EEOC attorneys will explain what you need to know. What Can a Federal Employee Sue the Federal Government For? Wrongful termination and workplace discrimination are the most common lawsuits employees bring against their employers. Yes, you can sue the federal government for either of these reasons, though the process is different than with a private employer. While private sector employees may bring lawsuits against employers in civil court, federal employees must first file a claim with an independent review body rather than the court system. The initial claim sets in motion the administrative process federal employees must exhaust before they can sue the federal government. Once the employee receives a final decision from the reviewing agency, they may file a lawsuit in federal court. When Can a Federal Employee Sue Their Employer? A federal employee can sue their employer for discrimination, harassment, non-selection, demotion, wrongful termination, and for several other bases. For example, federal employee may have a claim to sue their federal agency if the employee: These are only a few of the common claims a federal employee may have to sue their employer. If you believe you were wrongfully terminated or suffered harassment at your federal workplace, you should contact a federal employment lawyer who can advise you of your rights and possible avenues of recovery. Can a Federal Employee Sue Their Supervisor? A federal employee can sue their supervisor, but success is limited by Qualified Immunity. This legal principle protects government officials from personal lawsuits unless they violate clearly established constitutional rights. Most workplace disputes must go through administrative channels like the EEOC or MSPB before legal action is considered. Suing a Federal Employer for Workplace Discrimination There are several laws, enforced by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) that protect federal employees against workplace discrimination and harassment. These laws include Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Pay Act, and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, among others. Title VII is perhaps the most expansive, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. Federal employees protected by these laws must go through a different complaint process compared to private sector employees. First, federal employees must speak with the equal employment opportunity counselor at the agency where the employee works. Most employees know this department as their EEO office, although some agencies do use varying acronyms, such as the Office of Resolution Management (ORM) at the Department of Veterans Affairs.  Before filing a formal complaint, the employee must participate in either counseling or in alternative dispute resolution (ADR), usually mediation. If the employee can’t reach a resolution, they may then file a formal complaint with their federal agency. Unless the agency dismisses the complaint, they will then investigate the claims of discrimination and issue a Report of Investigation (ROI), along with a notice of right to request a hearing before an administrative judge (AJ) of the EEOC or a final agency decision. After hearing the case, the AJ submits an initial decision to the agency. The agency then issues a final decision indicating whether it agrees with the AJ’s conclusion and will implement the order. After receiving the agency’s final decision, an employee can file a lawsuit in federal civil court. Properly exhausting administrative remedies is necessary for obtaining review by a federal court. Hiring a federal employment lawyer to guide you through the process will ensure that you do not miss any deadlines and that your case is as strong as possible. Suing a Federal Employer for Wrongful Termination Wrongful termination occurs when an employer fires someone for any reason prohibited by the law. Firing an employee based on discrimination or in retaliation for something the employee did are examples of wrongful termination. Wrongful termination can also occur when employees are forced out on trumped up charges or coerced to resign. Filing a Wrongful Termination Claim With the exception of Title 38 VA employees and certain others, wrongful termination claims are usually filed with the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB), though employees may file these claims through the EEO process or union grievance as well. Employees may file a claim only with one of these options, generally, the one you elect first; discussing these options with a federal employment attorney will help you determine which is best for your situation. Appealing Wrongful Termination to the MSPB After filing an appeal with the MSPB, the employee engages in the discovery process with the agency, during which time each side gathers information to support their case. Information gathering may take the form of interrogatories, requests for admission, requests for the production of documents, or depositions. An experienced federal employment lawyer will be familiar with this process and can help you gather the right evidence during the discovery process.  After discovery, the parties attend a hearing in front of an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). Each side presents evidence and testimony that supports their case. Keep in mind that during this entire process, your attorney can negotiate with the other side to attempt to reach a settlement. If you and your employer can reach an agreement, it may...

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Aug 15, 2024 | By Aaron D. Wersing | Read Time: 4 minutes | Federal Employment Law

Bullying In The Workplace Under Federal Law: Guidance for Federal Employees Nationwide

If you have suffered bullying in the workplace, you might be able to receive relief under federal law if the bullying has certain characteristics. As a federal employee, you can maintain legal action for bullying if that bullying also qualifies as harassment under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the Americans with Disabilities Act, or the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. If you are unsure if bullying at work is actionable, don’t resign yourself to the stress and fear, contact an experienced workplace bullying lawyer immediately for help. You do not have to tolerate working in a hostile work environment, let alone any workplace bullying. Is Workplace Bullying Illegal? It depends. Federal laws on workplace bullying are really laws against harassment. Bullying is not illegal, but employment laws may still offer protection. Employees can file a charge with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) if the behavior is actionable. All 50 states have anti-bullying laws that provide strong protections for students and help stop bullying immediately. These laws require schools to report, document, and investigate bullying within a specific timeframe. Employment bullying qualifies as illegal harassment if it’s a condition to continue your employment or it’s severe and pervasive enough for a reasonable person to consider it hostile. Bullying cannot be illegal harassment unless it’s unwelcome conduct motivated by one of the following factors: Your employer can be guilty of harassing you for being a member of a protected group mentioned above or for perceiving you to be a member of a protected group. Your employer can be liable for harassment committed by a supervisor, one of their agents, a co-worker, or a non-employee. You also don’t have to be the person harassed to maintain a legal action. If harassment of another person affects you, you could have a claim. Workplace bullying can qualify as criminal abuse or assault and may result in arrest and prosecution under applicable laws. Can You Sue For Workplace Bullying? You may be wondering, can you sue for workplace bullying? Yes. Legal action against workplace bullying is available to you if the bullying fits the definition of harassment under federal law. However, federal employees can bring workplace bullying lawsuits only after they have followed the steps to make an administrative complaint with the federal Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) office. Creating or allowing a hostile work environment violates the law. Victims of such environments can sue their employers. Workers can sue their boss, manager, or supervisor for unfair treatment if it violates employment law. The most common claims fall under anti-discrimination laws, established by the Civil Rights Act of 1964. What Is the Procedure for Filing Workplace Bullying Complaints and Workplace Bullying Lawsuits? There are many steps on the way to filing a lawsuit against your employer for harassment. Suing for workplace bullying can be a complicated process, and a lawyer for workplace bullying can help you fulfill every step. 1. Filing a Workplace Bullying Complaint If you are a federal employee, bullying in the workplace law requires that you first reach out to an EEO counselor at your employer’s agency within 45 days of suffering harassment. You can either take part in counseling or alternative dispute resolution (ADR).  If ADR or counseling doesn’t solve the problem, you can file a formal complaint with your agency’s EEO office. You have 15 days after receiving an EEO counselor’s filing notice to file a complaint.  The agency can either dismiss your complaint for procedural reasons, or conduct an investigation. The agency has 180 days to investigate. After investigating, the agency gives you a notice about asking for a hearing or issuing a decision about whether there was discrimination.  If you want a hearing, it is held before an administrative law judge. You have 30 days from the agency’s hearing notice to file for a hearing. You can request a hearing in writing or online. After the judge makes a decision, the agency gets 40 days to decide if they are going to grant you relief that the judge orders. This decision is called a final order.  If you don’t agree with the final order, you can request an appeal within 30 days. You can also ask for reconsideration of the appeal decision within 30 days. If you follow the procedure correctly, you have many chances to get justice against harassment. An experienced attorney for workplace bullying can preserve your rights at every level of the process.  How To File A Workplace Bullying Lawsuit Once you have been through the administrative complaint and appeals process, you can file a bullying-at-work lawsuit. There are a number of different times when you can file a lawsuit, depending on the situation. To file a lawsuit against your employer for violating laws against workplace bullying, you have to follow these timelines: A workplace bullying attorney can determine if the time is right for you to file a lawsuit and champion your rights to a safe workplace in court. If you are curious about workplace anti-bullying laws by state, many of them are similar to the federal laws (though deadlines and procedures vary). But you must follow the federal procedures above if you are a federal employee.  Contact Our Federal Employment Attorneys for the Protection You Need Please remember that you don’t have to endure every hostile behavior at work to receive a paycheck, and you should not have to work in a hostile work environment. The workplace bullying lawyers at the Federal Employment Law Firm of Aaron D Wersing PLLC are experienced in federal employment law and dedicated to protecting federal employees’ rights. Contact us online or call us at 866-508-2158 for the guidance and protection you need.

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